Kulpytas (gravestone)
The Esky Zharly necropolis. Baiganin District, Aktobe Region. From the article by S. Azhigali. Kazakh kulpytas – analogues of Yakut serge: distribution, typology, genesis // North-Eastern Humanities Bulletin. 2023. No. 4(45). pp. 20–36.
According to S. Azhigali, the kulpytas of Western Kazakhstan are executed in a style that traces its origins to the traditions of wood carving. Their prototypes were wooden posts, which is reflected in their elongated proportions, the nature of the ornamentation and the principles of compositional division. The prevalence in the region of soft, easily workable limestone varieties facilitated the transfer of these forms to stone and their widespread use in the form of carved stelae.Vertical gravestones, richly decorated with carved ornamentation, lapidary inscriptions and pictorial elements, represent an important source of historical and cultural information. They not only record details about the deceased but also reflect worldviews, religious beliefs, social status, clan affiliation, as well as the artistic traditions and craftsmanship of the masters of their time. The ornamental motifs and epigraphy of the kulpytas allow us to trace the evolution of aesthetic preferences and regional characteristics, as well as to identify the mutual influence of nomadic and sedentary cultures in Western Kazakhstan.